Isomerism

Definition

Two or more copmpound having same molecular formula but different structural formula and properties is known as iomer and the phenimenin is called iomerism.

 Example

 n_butane, isobutane.

 Types

 1) structural iomerism 

 The structutal iomerism arise due to difference in the arrangement of atom within the molecules. It is inhibit in different five classes or ways.

 I) Chain isomerism 

This type of isomerism arises due to the difference in the nature of the carbon chain. 

Example

 Pantane

 II) Position isomerism

 Arise due to the diffrrence in the position of the same functional grouo on the carbon chain. The arrangement of carbon atom remain the same. 
 Example 
Chloropentane 2,chloropantane III) 

functional group

compound having the same molecular formula but different functional group

 Example

Compound having same molecular formula  ,but different arrangement of atom.
 Dimethyl ether, ethyl alcohol

 Iv) Metamerism 

This type of iomerism arise due to unequal distribution of carbon atom on either side if the functional group. Such compounds belong to the same homologous series..

 Example 

 Diethyl ether 

 V)Tautumerism

 This type of isomerism arise due to shifting of proton from one atom to the other in the same molecules. 

Example

Zwitter ion
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZTT5dKrdCP8