Dipole moment

Dipole moment

Definition 

The product of the charge q, and distance d, between the center of gravity of the positive and the negative charge on it. Where q is of the order of 10 of power 10 esu and d , 10 of 10_ Cm Therefore, u is of the order of 10 of power _14 esu cm. Unit Debye D after the Yname of the discovery of this property.

 Formula

                       U=qxr
 The dipole moments of simple hetronuclear diatomic molecules like HF, HCL, HI,CO, NO etc. are directed from electropositive ends to electronegative ends. 

Vector quantity

The dipole moment is a vector quantity, which has a magnitude as well as direction. If the molecule is polyatomic and consist two or more dipoles , then the net dipole moment is the resultant of the vector addition of the individual bond moments.